This is the breastfeeding edition of the list of things they never tell you. There are just so many things, so many tips, so many hidden pieces of information – and misinformation – that it’s a miracle we can feed out babies in this day of unlimited virtual information, but little direct observation. I’ve got more lined up, and I’m sure they’ll keep coming as I learn them, but here’s the start.
Oh, sure, they tell you breastfeeding isn’t easy for everyone. Then they go on to talk about just making sure you have a good latch and hoping you aren’t someone who will have supply issues. There’s a whole cartload not being said there. I have to devote a list to it entirely.
a. True, ideopathic, low supply issues really are not common, and if you want a good supply, you have to build it.
What’s funny about this one is that they do tell you that breastfeeding is a supply and demand related. They don’t tell you that means you really do need to try nursing every two hours (start to start) from the moment the baby wakes up from the first long sleep, and keep doing that for the two or three (exhausting) days until your milk comes in without skipping a single one. And just suck up the sleep loss. And just suck up the overwhelming frustration that is getting that brand newborn to stay awake and suck. And just suck up the pain that comes with you both learning (tears falling on the baby won’t hurt her, and may make you feel better). And keep doing it until she gets to a weight that your practitioner is happy with. The more stimulation, the better. Yeah, I know oversupply sucks and carries its own significant problems; they aren’t as bad as chronic low supply in the long run.
b. The baby can be the cause of low supply issues that you can’t solve just by putting him to breast more often.
If the little one can’t effectively remove milk from your breasts, you won’t make more. This requires working with specialists (and I don’t mean your pediatrician) to find out if there is a physiological issue, a neurologic issue, or a habitual issue. No book, no online forum, no friend-with-breastfeeding-experience will be able to “solve” your problem.
c. You can’t tell if your baby is getting too little milk just by watching/timing/listening to a feed.
They get creatively efficient, and don’t have the same “x ounces per day” requirements. There are differing opinions on whether they need an increasing amount as they grow (up to around 36oz per day) or if they eat around the same amount from one month to six months. Doesn’t really matter. The only thing that matters is that your baby is looking satisfied after eating, and is gaining weight “appropriately”. Basically, trust your instincts. If you’re not certain baby is getting enough to eat, he or she probably is, because you’d know if they weren’t. (This, of course, assumes that you have the opportunity to regularly observe your child through the day and once every week or two get to a baby weighing scale.)
d. Babies do not come knowing how to unlatch.
This one struck me as shocking. I mean, they have to know how to breastfeed, right? They have to have the reflex to suck, and they have the reflex to find the boob (which is really an amazing thing, by the way – they can push with their feet on mom’s belly and bob their head around until they find a nipple from the moment they’re born, if not efficiently, then at least effectively). But they don’t have the coordination and muscle control to voluntarily relax all of the right muscles when they recognize a full signal from their belly. (They won’t overeat, but they will spit a bunch of food back onto you!) At 11 weeks, Daphne is currently learning this one.
e. Baby’s know what they have to do, but they may not know how to do it.
If the fact that babies don’t know how to unlatch shocked me, this one was flabbergasting. But if you think about it, it’s not the most surprising thing in the world. There are a LOT of muscles involved in sucking. More so when you add swallowing. And then the tricky timing to add breathing in with the whole mix. It’s not easy! And the physical difficulty of a birth can leave a baby tired and, relatively, stiff as well, which can also affect feeding. So, if nursing isn’t going well, and you can’t figure out how to improve the latch, consider that it really is the baby’s fault, and they need some specialized help figuring it out correctly, instead of inventing a not-so-pleasant-to-mom way of feeding.
f. There is more than one kind of tongue tie.
While tongue ties aren’t all that common, they can wreak total havoc on breastfeeding. But, apparently, a lot of doctors don’t think so. Well, they are wrong. (And it’s not me saying this, it’s the occupational therapist, physical therapist, and MD that I’ve seen saying this, besides the lactation consultants and doulas and friends who’ve worked with the issue.) A tongue tie keeps the little one from effectively using their tongue, and if you can’t use your tongue well, you can’t suck well. Go ahead – try not extending your tongue at all on sucking on something. But not only is there the standard, short-frenulum, tongue tie. But also posterior tongue ties where the base of the tongue is tighter than average all the way at the back.
g. Pain between feeds is not normal – nipples should not look chaffed or be randomly quite hard.
Another “who knew!”. Pinkness, irritation, and hardness are all signs of mechanical irritation, and are not normal past the first few days, maybe week or two. Yes, there’s a lot of contact on the nipple, but it should not cause abrasive pain or damage. (Another who knew – you can use hydrocortizone ointment (NOT cream) to help heal chronic inflammation – but always talk to your doctor/pediatrician/etc. before thinking of doing this!)
h. It is possible to have circulatory issues at the breast – either inherent, or caused by mechanical trauma.
Called “Raynaud’s of the nipple” (or something like that), it’s possible to have vasospasm that causes a stabbing pain in the nipple AFTER nursing is over. It’s usually a delayed reaction (by at least 10 minutes) and often comes in waves (two or three times in a row, spaced out). Usually, the nipple blanches and turns a much lighter color, sometimes then turning either blue or purple before returning to a normal color. There are some things to do about this – work on any source of mechanical irritation, heat compresses after feeding, avoiding “dry wound care”, and medications if you want to try it. But it’s not normal.
i. Oversupply sucks too.
Oversupply itself can be fairly painful, and getting rid of it just takes time for your boobs to learn to make less. If you try to pump to relieve the pain, you are – to a small extent – exacerbating the problem, because you’re signalling for the production of more milk. And if you have an overactive letdown to go along with your oversupply (which isn’t uncommon), the little one can find that he or she needs to make some sort of adjustment to eating, or will gag/choke when they are firehosed with milk. This can even end up lactose overloading the little belly that gets lots of foremilk (higher in lactose) and fills up before being able to fill up on hindmilk (higher in fat). Various ways of changing nursing patterns can help this, but you’ve got to figure out it’s a problem to start with!
j. That advice about “both the chin and the nose should dimple the breast”? For most everyone, it’s bad advice. And, like most “how to” bits of advice, is overgeneralized to the point where maybe it is useful for you and maybe it isn’t.
Think about it – there’s a breast, with a lovely easy-access port of a nipple in front of you, and a baby’s head. (Let’s assume an infinitely cooperative baby’e head here, for the sake of the thought experiment, but keep in mind that it’s never the case that a baby’s head is even almost entirely cooperative. It’s got a brain of it’s own, and muscles it can’t quite control.) You want an asymmetric latch (more breast on the chin side of the nipple), you want a head that’s either neutral or slightly tilted up, you want the head symmetric from cheek to cheek on the breast, you want the nipple lined up somewhere between directly at the nose to towards the top lip (to encourage the head tilt and aim the nipple at the baby’s palate), and you want a big wide open mouth. Put all that together, and unless your baby has one heck of a schnoze, it’s not going to dimple your breast. If it does, something else has given. All the little tips for “place here, here, and here” are these lovely over-generalizations that don’t take into account breast size/shape/direction. (Yes, nipple direction is not a given!)
The “guide baby’s head onto the breast” advice doesn’t even half get at it.
Babies, as mentioned above, have minds of their own. They know they want the boob, but don’t have the coordination to get there nicely for a while, and don’t have the patience or awareness to let you get them to it. So, it’s more like, grab their head firmly with the tips of your fingers trying to reach for as much skull as possible, keep them from wrenching it out of place, and smoosh it into the boob as soon as the stars align. That’s a slight exaggeration on the forcefulness of the maneuver, but not as much as you might think. You’ve got to be prepared to make this thing happen regardless of the resistance. And nothing I’ve ever read prepared me for the sweat-inducing fight that it can be.
Three months in (almost) and I feel like I’m learning new things every day. Perhaps one day this will be “easy-peasy”, but for now, not so much. If only I had known some of these things in advance – and for that, I blame our societal, irrational, obsession with sexy breasts (as opposed to functional breasts). 🙂